Speech Contest

Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen. In this good occasion I’d like to introduce myself. My name is Agus Sakti Hardi the third year student students of English education department of Nusantara University Kediri. Here I want to talk about “CORUPTION”. Ladies and gentlemen, I’d like to outline my talk into three parts; firstly I will talk about the general corruption, secondly corruption in Indonesia, and finally finish with conclusion. Well, for the first I will start to talk about corruption in general.

      Corruption in General

Corruption means any abuse of a position of trust in order to gain an undue advantage. This involves the conduct of both sides: that of the person who abuses his position of trust as well as that of the person who seeks to gain an undue advantage by this abuse.

Corruption is both a major cause and a result of poverty around the world. It occurs at all levels of society, from local and national governments, civil society, judiciary functions, large and small businesses, military and other services and so on.

Corruption affects the poorest the most, in rich or poor nations, though all elements of society are affected in some way as corruption undermines political development, democracy, economic development, the environment, people’s health and more.

      Corruption in Indonesia

Bribes by firms in Indonesia arise principally from regulations --licenses and levies --imposed by local government officials. Regulations generate direct revenues (fees) plus indirect revenues in the form of bribes. The expected value of the latter is capitalized into lower salaries needed by localities to compensate public officials. Localities in Indonesia are hampered by insufficient revenues from formal tax and transfer sources to pay competitive salaries plus fund demanded' levels of public services, because local tax rates are capped by the center and inter-governmental transfers are limited. Thus the direct and indirect revenues from local regulations are critical to local finances. The paper models and estimates the key aspects of corruption -- the relationship between bribes, time spent with local officials, and different forms of regulation. It models how inter-jurisdictional competition for firms limits the extent of local regulation and how greater sources of tax or inter-governmental revenues reduce the need for regulation and corruption. The paper estimates a large reduction in regulation in better funded localities. The findings are directly relevant to Indonesia where corruption is high and the country is in the throes of major decentralization and local democratization efforts.

      Conclusion

Corruption lowers public service quality and availability that is mainly dedicated to the poor, such as public schools, hospitals, transport, clean water and sewage systems. Corruption also breeds injustice in society. In a country where corruption is prevalent, the poor and the rich have different positions before the law. Law tends to be friendlier to those who are able to hire the best lawyers and who have access to political power.

            Well, that’s all my speech. Thanks for your attention. Good afternoon.